Ernest Talks: monitor

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjE0UQn4Ba2NJXXP_ZjbH3zCHVfQ4ObkJGC537Q_jKM6i-WPs3ELXnEmWqHEgYz8uceqADqBZ98k79X-OWIunAo222NkjzPp1tLMS1ToaYt2CG2ai3KbAB96NkAmXWoAdjBGhY41ybrCw4/s1600/Screenshot+2014-03-10+21.45.05.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjE0UQn4Ba2NJXXP_ZjbH3zCHVfQ4ObkJGC537Q_jKM6i-WPs3ELXnEmWqHEgYz8uceqADqBZ98k79X-OWIunAo222NkjzPp1tLMS1ToaYt2CG2ai3KbAB96NkAmXWoAdjBGhY41ybrCw4/s1600/Screenshot+2014-03-10+21.45.05.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
<h2>
Introduction</h2>
There are a few famous software monitor systems, and <a href="http://www.zabbix.com/" target="_blank">Zabbix</a> (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zabbix" target="_blank">wikipedia</a>) is one of them. Zabbix is an enterprise-class open source software for monitoring of servers, networks, and applications.<br />
<br />
You can compare Zabbix with any other multi-agent monitor systems and decide which one is suitable for you. We will focus on Zabbix on Ubuntu today.<br />
<br />
At this guide, we will setup two machines. Both machines are Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. Most guides on the internet are installed with Apache/MySQL. We will setup with <a href="http://nginx.org/" target="_blank">Nginx</a>/<a href="http://www.percona.com/software" target="_blank">Percona</a> as example.<br />
<br />
We will install the server machine first (on a <a href="http://go.ernestchiang.com/linode" target="_blank">Linode</a>), and then the agent machine (on an <a href="http://go.ernestchiang.com/aws" target="_blank">AWS</a> EC2). (You can do the same works on a <a href="http://go.ernestchiang.com/digital-ocean" target="_blank">Digital Ocean</a> Droplet.<br />
<br />
<h2>
1. Setup Zabbix Server (on a <a href="http://go.ernestchiang.com/linode" target="_blank">Linode</a>)</h2>
Let's say this Zabbix Server is named "Tokyo01" which is located at <a href="http://go.ernestchiang.com/linode" target="_blank">Linode</a> Tokyo. Before installing Zabbix server, we have installed Nginx and Percona already.<br />
<br />
First we add a PPA to get the most up-to-date Zabbix packages:<br />
(You can use nano or any other editor to replace vim here.) <br />
<br />
<pre class="brush: bash">sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list</pre>
<br />
Add these lines at the bottom of the file:<br />
<br />
<pre class="brush: bash"># Zabbix Application PPA
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/tbfr/zabbix/ubuntu precise main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/tbfr/zabbix/ubuntu precise main</pre>
<br />
Save and close the file (sources.list).<br />
<br />
Add the PPA's key to make apt-get knows the source:<br />
<br />
<pre class="brush: bash">sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys C407E17D5F76A32B</pre>
<br />
Now, it's time to update:<br />
<br />
<pre class="brush: bash">sudo apt-get update</pre>
<br />
Good job. All above are the same works that we will do again on the Zabbix Agent machine later (also in the future). Next, we will still focus on Zabbix Server setup steps:<br />
<br />
<pre class="brush: bash">sudo apt-get install zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-frontend-php</pre>
<br />
System may ask you for the MySQL root's password during the installation process.<br />
<br />
<h3>
1.1 MySQL Configuration</h3>
<br />
Once you finished the package installation, next we can start the configurations.<br />
<br />
<pre class="brush: bash">sudo vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf</pre>
<br />
Find and update at least these three parameters:<br />
<br />
<pre class="brush: bash">DBName=zabbix
DBUser=zabbix
DBPassword=Random.Your.Password.Here</pre>
<br />
Save and close the file.<br />
<br />
Create one MySQL database and one MySQL user with the same password you just saved in /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf .<br />
Then we're going to import the SQL files:<br />
<br />
<pre class="brush: bash">cd /usr/share/zabbix-server-mysql/
sudo gunzip *.gz
mysql -u zabbix -p zabbix < schema.sql
mysql -u zabbix -p zabbix < images.sql
mysql -u zabbix -p zabbix < data.sql</pre>
<br />
Yes. Please type the same password of the MySQL user "zabbix" you just choosed.<br />
<br />
<h3>
1.2 PHP Configuration</h3>
<br />
We need to modify php.ini for letting PHP process our monitor data smoothly. The part of "{your configuration}" could be "apache2" (if you use apache), "cgi" or "fpm", "cli" depends on your PHP environment. At this guide, we will setup nginx to use fastcgi later, we will edit /etc/php5/cgi/php.ini .<br />
<br />
<pre class="brush: bash">sudo vim /etc/php5/{your configuration}/php.ini</pre>
<br />
Search and modify these parameters within your php.ini:<br />
<br />
<pre class="brush: bash">post_max_size = 16M
max_execution_time = 300
max_input_time = 300
date.timezone = UTC</pre>
<br />
Save and close the file.<br />
<br />
Then, we can have a copy from Zabbix for PHP configuration, and edit it: <br />
<br />
<pre class="brush: bash">sudo cp /usr/share/doc/zabbix-frontend-php/examples/zabbix.conf.php.example /etc/zabbix/zabbix.conf.php
sudo vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix.conf.php</pre>
<br />
Find and modify the parameters to fit your situation:<br />
<br />
<pre class="brush: bash">$DB["DATABASE"]                 = 'zabbix';
$DB["USER"]                     = 'zabbix';
$DB["PASSWORD"]                 = 'Your.Password.Here';</pre>
<br />
Save and close it.<br />
<br />
Good. We have two more files to go.<br />
<br />
Restart the PHP if need. <br />
<br />
<pre class="brush: bash">service php-fastcgi restart</pre>
<br />
<h3>
</h3>
<h3>
1.3 Nginx Configuration</h3>
<br />
Here is my nginx site configuration file that you can reference, and save as /etc/nginx/sites-available/monitor :<br />
<br />
<pre class="brush: bash">server {
    listen 80;

# change these three lines to fit your site
    server_name monitor.example.com;
    access_log /srv/www/logs/monitor/naccess.log;
    error_log /srv/www/logs/monitor/nerror.log;
    
    root /usr/share/zabbix;

# if you want to limit specific IP
    #allow type.your.IP.here;
    #deny all;

location / {

if ($scheme ~ ^http:){
                rewrite ^(.*)$  https://$host$1 permanent;
            }
            index                   index.php;
            error_page              403 404 502 503 504  /zabbix/index.php;

location ~ \.php$ {
                    if (!-f $request_filename) { return 404; }
                    expires                 epoch;
                    include                 /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
                    fastcgi_index   index.php;
                    fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
                    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/share/zabbix/$fastcgi_script_name;
        }

location ~ \.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|ico)$ {
                    access_log      off;
                    expires         33d;
            }

}</pre>
<br />
Once you done it, make sure to enable this site (replace the filename "monitor" to yours): <br />
<br />
<pre class="brush: bash">cd /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
ln -s ../sites-available/monitor monitor
service nginx restart</pre>
<br />
Finally, we have one more file to edit, and ready to run!<br />
<br />
<br />
<h3>
1.4 Start the Zabbix Server</h3>
<br />
Let's take a look at Zabbix init file:<br />
<br />
<pre class="brush: bash">sudo vim /etc/default/zabbix-server</pre>
<br />
Find this and say "yes":<br />
<br />
<pre class="brush: bash">START=yes</pre>
<br />
Save and close this file, and we are ready to start Zabbix server now:<br />
<br />
<pre class="brush: bash">sudo service zabbix-server start</pre>
<br />
<br />
<h2>
2. The First Time Login</h2>
If everything goes correct, you can open the browser and link to the IP or url you set in nginx site, and see this:<br />
(In our example site configuration file, it would be "http://monitor.example.com/" ) <br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEix7TznuzBKRp-neIKrtgY1aBk0AeyeP9-pQDlLi05Jr-JbfUgw1kXihDoQATmDrOJoYFIZi27fYf2vRixyhCjtwzTlao470TwX2XhObTmJSISAXs21pI6XgIQAj0IDst6E0ke01rKFtE8/s1600/Screenshot+2014-03-10+23.08.22.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="308" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEix7TznuzBKRp-neIKrtgY1aBk0AeyeP9-pQDlLi05Jr-JbfUgw1kXihDoQATmDrOJoYFIZi27fYf2vRixyhCjtwzTlao470TwX2XhObTmJSISAXs21pI6XgIQAj0IDst6E0ke01rKFtE8/s1600/Screenshot+2014-03-10+23.08.22.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
Enter this default set to login:<br />
<br />
<pre class="brush: bash">Username = admin
Password = zabbix</pre>
<br />
Please make sure to change your admin's password once you get in. (Please).<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<h2>
3. Setup Zabbix Agent on the Same Machine with Zabbix Server (on a <a href="http://go.ernestchiang.com/linode" target="_blank">Linode</a>)</h2>
<br />
<h3>
3.1 Install Zabbix Agent</h3>
<br />
It's always easier to have a monitor agent on the same machine where installed with monitor server. We will not meet any port, firewall related issues and make sure our monitor system runs well.<br />
<br />
We are on the same machine, therefore we don't need to process steps 1.0 to setup PPA and apt-get update again. We can install zabbix agent package now:
<br />
<pre class="brush: bash">sudo apt-get install zabbix-agent</pre>
<br />
Once finished the installation, we can edit the agent configuration file:<br />
<br />
<pre class="brush: bash">vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf</pre>
<br />
Find and edit these three parameters:<br />
(Choose your Hostname in your case. We use "Tokyo01" at this guide.)<br />
<br />
<pre class="brush: bash">Server=127.0.0.1
ServerActive=127.0.0.1
Hostname=Tokyo01</pre>
<br />
Save and close it.<br />
<br />
Done and ready to go.<br />
<br />
<pre class="brush: bash">sudo service zabbix-agent restart</pre>
<br />
<h3>
3.2 Configuration Hosts</h3>
Get back to our browser interface (http://monitor.example.com). Go to "Configuration" --> "Hosts" --> "Zabbix Server" (or your Hostname):<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEBd1geH_q-1TsJzt5aVqqJ_JJrK2vcsB5BV7PCWdVBdvKbTopJ9sYmW8FbzrHE1iT1Y05C1F1eHuS8tTpvy5jaQ5sd71sDvraesoyaiNZLpXef_wa3g0mI0-_3-lfpsjZaaukCPCp4tE/s1600/Screenshot+2014-03-10+23.22.55.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="298" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEBd1geH_q-1TsJzt5aVqqJ_JJrK2vcsB5BV7PCWdVBdvKbTopJ9sYmW8FbzrHE1iT1Y05C1F1eHuS8tTpvy5jaQ5sd71sDvraesoyaiNZLpXef_wa3g0mI0-_3-lfpsjZaaukCPCp4tE/s1600/Screenshot+2014-03-10+23.22.55.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
Move the "Linux servers" from the right-hand side box to the left-hand side.<br />
<br />
At the bottom, change the "Status" to be "Monitored".<br />
<br />
Click "Save'.<br />
<br />
(Wait for a couple seconds.)<br />
<br />
Go to the page: "Monitoring" --> "Latest data"<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5jF7EWfEHNQRm441Uvhf1Nt_ERa6Tp0HUFkPiL4BGLJh9HMiXwZXG_YflCU70BzOcAIfakteYbzJKx3S7zvq9YPmzF7NhYZ8GEJihe_Fv6BFqoXpo6jbPnw7FlLLAewWqkAr5EgwvtAw/s1600/Screenshot+2014-03-10+23.46.53.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="274" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5jF7EWfEHNQRm441Uvhf1Nt_ERa6Tp0HUFkPiL4BGLJh9HMiXwZXG_YflCU70BzOcAIfakteYbzJKx3S7zvq9YPmzF7NhYZ8GEJihe_Fv6BFqoXpo6jbPnw7FlLLAewWqkAr5EgwvtAw/s1600/Screenshot+2014-03-10+23.46.53.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
--> find a item that you're interested in --> click on "Graph" to see its chart.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsj9xpGKoYRZVECNecMhQjW0q11RgCTkRWpM9nJ_2Ahg5Yyklt3LUZaF_D8M3YZHO0F3wvtLTb-TZApImRghwNTzVLsy9l0fJyT6h-M7-jR46nbnK4aGywsZq7E_3l6nSPFGV0wvai7LA/s1600/Screenshot+2014-03-10+23.47.24.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="157" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsj9xpGKoYRZVECNecMhQjW0q11RgCTkRWpM9nJ_2Ahg5Yyklt3LUZaF_D8M3YZHO0F3wvtLTb-TZApImRghwNTzVLsy9l0fJyT6h-M7-jR46nbnK4aGywsZq7E_3l6nSPFGV0wvai7LA/s1600/Screenshot+2014-03-10+23.47.24.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
<h2>
4. Setup Zabbix Agent on Another Machine (on an <a href="http://go.ernestchiang.com/aws" target="_blank">AWS</a> EC2)</h2>
At this guide, we didn't modify the Zabbix working port numbers. We will keep it, and show you how to do the setup if your Zabbix agent machines are located within AWS data centers.<br />
<br />
You can either use AWS Management Console or AWS CLI to modify your EC2 Security Group.<br />
<br />
Make sure you choose the correct "<b>Region</b>" before your any operation.<br />
<br />
Add one Inbound port "<b>10050</b>" with a specific IP of your Zabbix Server at "Source" field (format: "<b>xxx.yyy.zzz.mmm/32</b>". (You should not use "0.0.0.0/0" except you want to share with everyone.)  <br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYCMj1ziT6GQ2gpMbRNWpqxVUurapHykED2jht1zVjHNLuQiWXR90RMB8GYkxFveawa_CpN53qDNNE7xSiHmlzlqzhxlsa3snd52mgeL5R0rOobHSdP-zaFhaWnKdz4WVqssHZlNosH6k/s1600/Screenshot+2014-03-10+23.38.02.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYCMj1ziT6GQ2gpMbRNWpqxVUurapHykED2jht1zVjHNLuQiWXR90RMB8GYkxFveawa_CpN53qDNNE7xSiHmlzlqzhxlsa3snd52mgeL5R0rOobHSdP-zaFhaWnKdz4WVqssHZlNosH6k/s1600/Screenshot+2014-03-10+23.38.02.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
Once you set the security group done, you can follow the steps 3.0~3.2 to install Zabbix Agent.<br />
<br />
<h2>
5. Follow-ups, and More</h2>
Next we are going to monitor Percona/MySQL servers, Nginx servers, and more :-)<br />
<br />
You can also find some reference at Zabbix documents: <a href="https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/doku.php?id=2.2/manual" target="_blank">https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/doku.php?id=2.2/manual</a><br />
<br />
<br />
---<br />
This guide has tested on: <a href="http://go.ernestchiang.com/linode" target="_blank">Linode</a>, <a href="http://go.ernestchiang.com/digital-ocean" target="_blank">Digital Ocean</a>, and <a href="http://go.ernestchiang.com/aws" target="_blank">AWS</a>.

How To Install Zabbix on Ubuntu to Monitor Multiple Servers (e.g VPS) with Nginx/Percona

Introduction There are a few famous software monitor systems, and Zabbix ( wikipedia ) is one of them. Zabbix is an enterprise-class o...